Saturday, June 11, 2022

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF INNOVATIVE MULTI ROTOR WIND TURBINE DESIGNS

 

INTRODUCTION:

The excessive use of petrol and diesel is depleting the Earth of its resources. These are non-renewable resources which once exhausted will pose a huge conundrum for us. To overcome this, our scientists have been working towards alternative solutions for centuries. One of the most promising course of action is using wind energy. Scientist have had positive developments in this field and are still working to improve it. Wind is a clean and inexhaustible source of energy which was sought out after World War II. Use of wind energy tackles many prominent problems such as limitation of fossil fuels, global warming, green-house effect, etc. Wind power has easily become the most effective option of energy in many countries. According to European Wind Energy Association, approximately, 56% of electrical needs of Ireland and 46.2% of Denmark’s is being met wind power. As for India, according to Hossain, the total onshore wind potential of India is around 2000GW-3000GW. Wind energy has become one of the most recognized forms of renewable source of energy. Wind turbines, especially, the three bladed turbines are very popularized today. Now, researchers are working on ways to improve the technology and make it more innovative. One such area of focus is the multi rotor wind turbines.




METHODOLOGY:

Use of conventional horizontal axis wind turbine has worked for us for a long time but newer and more innovative methods are taking up the field today. Changes made in the conventional turbines like increase in diameter of the rotor increases the blade weight which in turn reduces the power output. This affects the economy drastically. To solve such problems, multi rotor wind turbines are being sought out. This technology promises the idea of achieving higher capacities per tower as compared to the conventional turbines. Multi rotor wind turbines can be distinguished into coplanar multi rotor or array wind turbines, counter rotating wind turbines and coaxial wind turbines.

COUNTER-ROTATING WIND TURBINES:



In 2004 Jung S N, No T S and Ryu K W developed a 30kW counter-rotating wind turbine system. Counter rotating wind turbines use two rotors and thus produce higher power than a single rotor turbine, depending on the distance between the rotors. There in an increase of about 21% in the power coefficient if the distance between the rotors is halved. Contra-rotation wind energy collection with two rotors, one behind the other, can gain up to 40% more energy from a given swept area as compared with a single rotor. 

COPLANAR WIND TURBINES:


Work on co-planar wind turbines has been going on since early 1930s. German scientist Honnef worked diligently on it till he had to stop due to WWII. In mid-1980s scientist in Netherlands and Dutch collaborated to work on a 300kW turbine which worked effectively for around 15 years. Many more scientists are still working on multi rotor systems.

COAXIAL WIND TURBINES:



On the other hand, use of coaxial, multiple rotors has multiplied the output energy. Researcher Douglas Selsam from the California Energy Commission developed coaxial wind turbines and also designed the Sky Serpent-multi rotor wind turbine. In 2005, Sandip Kale and Dr. S.N. Sapali from College of Engineering Pune, developed coaxial series rotor wind turbine using four rotors of 700mm diameter. The sky serpent uses small rotors to catch more wind for less cost making it feasible and cheap to install. It uses only one-tenth of the conventionally used blade material and still provides the same power output.

          Factors involving the evaluation of multi rotor turbines are-

·      Feasibility

·      Comparison with existing wind turbines

·      Technological advantages

·      Security of expected power performance

·      Cost

·      Reliability

·      Impact of Innovation

Safety 

CONCLUSION:

Assessing the models of multi rotor turbines using the above factors showed that-

While all three multi rotor turbines are feasible, the array turbines have a better price advantage and also have the best review when compared with existing multi rotor designs. The coplanar array turbines are also reliable and have a bright technological advantage. On the other hand, unidirectional coaxial wind turbines are highly reliable and have a higher security of expected performance. Coaxial wind turbines have strong technological aspects and also have a higher innovative impact. Thus, coaxial series wind turbines show the most encouraging results. 









REFERENCES

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337075928_COMPREHENSIVE_EVALUATION_OF_INNOVATIVE_MULTI_ROTOR_WIND_TURBINE_DESIGNS 


Credits : Bhakti Gujrati(FY Civil )

Team R&D


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